Mller (0.5 10 4 cells/well) and BV-2 cells (5 10 4 cells/well) were cultured in 96-well cell culture plates in media containing various concentrations of GSSSG (Kyowa Hakko Bio, Tokyo, Japan) or LPS (Sigma-Aldrich, St
Extracellular NAD + can enter cells via pore-forming channel connexin 43 (Cx43), a bi-directional NAD + transporter allowing exogenous NAD + transportation into the cell, and transportation out for utilization of NAD + by CD38 64
Three pairs of monopolar needles were stabbed 3 mm deep into the tail 10, 60, and 100 mm caudal to the tail base
e1e9 Wegmann M, Fehrenbach H, Fehrenbach A, Held T, Schramm C, Garn H, Renz H 2005 Involvement of distal airways in a chronic model of experimental asthma
Early organisms existed in harsh environments with stressors such as food scarcity and predation
Biochem Med